Endodontics is a field of dentistry concerned with the biology.

In excessive decaying and in deep dental caries, the pulp (vascular-nervous bundle in the tooth) is involved, which is the structure responsible for the vitality of the tooth. It is infected and this infection may spread to the farthest tip of the root. If it is neglected, the inflammation may progress from the tips of the root to the adjacent tissues and may invade the jaw bone, forming cysts or tumours. This condition may require surgical intervention or extraction of the tooth. Canal treatment is performed in these conditions to save the tooth.

With the anaesthetics used during the treatment, canal treatment is performed without inflicting pain.